Pyelonephritis
Pyelonephritis is a kidney infection which commonly begins in the urethra or bladder and eventually spreads to the kidneys. Pyelonephritis is a serious condition that can damage the kidneys and cause dangerous complications if left untreated.
Causes of Pyelonephritis
Pyelonephritis is caused by bacteria that enters the kidneys, possibly from other infections of the urinary system that may include:
- Urinary tract infection
- Bladder infection
- Cystitis
Pyelonephritis may also be caused by conditions that cause urinary blockages such as:
- Benign prostatic hyperplasia, or BPH
- Abdominal or pelvic masses
- Kidney or bladder stones
People with diabetes or a weakened immune system are also at a greater risk of pyelonephritis.
Symptoms of Pyelonephritis
Symptoms of pyelonephritis may typically include:
- Fever
- Blood in the urine
- Frequent, painful urination
- Abdominal or flank pain
- Groin pain
Pyelonephritis is a serious condition and may include life-threatening complications. It is important for all patients to seek prompt medical treatment if experiencing any of the possible symptoms of pyelonephritis.
Diagnosis of Pyelonephritis
To diagnose pyelonephritis, a doctor will perform a full physical examination and may also perform the following tests:
- Urinalysis
- Blood test
- Ultrasound of the kidney
- CT scan
Treatment of Pyelonephritis
Treatment for pyelonephritis may vary based on severity. Mild pyelonephritis can often be treated with antibiotic medications, while hospitalization may be necessary for severe kidney infections that remain unresponsive to antibiotics. Doctors will develop a customized treatment plan based on the patient's individual condition.
Prevention of Pyelonephritis
While not all cases of pyelonephritis can be prevented, the following recommendations may help to reduce the risk:
- Treating any urinary related infections promptly
- Using proper hygiene after urinating and bowel movements
- Urinating after sexual intercourse