Pyloric Stenosis
The pylorus is a sphincter muscle that provides a passageway between the stomach and the small intestine. Pyloric stenosis is the narrowing of the pylorus, a rare condition that affects infant children - more boys than girls - and prevents food from entering the small intestine. The cause of pyloric stenosis is unknown but it is believed to be caused by genetic factors. Infants who were given antibiotics during the first weeks of life have an increased risk of developing pyloric stenosis.
Symptoms of Pyloric Stenosis
Patients with this condition often experience projectile vomiting, dehydration and weight loss, as well as constant hunger since they are not able to properly absorb the nutrients in their food.
Diagnosis of Pyloric Stenosis
Pyloric stenosis can be diagnosed through a series of tests including the following:
- Blood tests
- Abdominal ultrasound
- Barium X-ray
Treatment for Pyloric Stenosis
Treatment for pyloric stenosis may be achieved through a surgical procedure known as pyloromyotomy, which involves opening a channel in the thickened pyloric muscles, leaving the inside lining intact. This procedure is performed under general anesthesia and often done laparoscopically. Most children can return home after 48 hours, and may need to return for follow-up appointments on a regular basis. This procedure is considered safe but as with any surgical procedure, there are risks of bleeding, infection or recurrence of the condition.