Submandibular Gland Excision

The submandibular glands, a pair of salivary glands under the jaw bone, sometime need to be surgically removed because of tumors, stones or chronic infection. Submandibular gland excision is performed under general anesthesia and patients are usually able to return home the same day.

Reasons for Submandibular Gland Excision

Since the saliva secreted by the submandibular gland is thicker than saliva secreted by other salivary glands, it sometimes forms into small stones. Having a stone blocking the duct is a relatively common problem, causing a painful swelling when the patient eats.

If the blockage is severe and does not resolve on its own, it may be necessary to remove the stone or the whole gland surgically. It is also possible for a lump to develop within the submandibular gland itself. Such lumps need to be carefully investigated because approximately half may become malignant. Even if they remain benign, they may enlarge enough to cause other problems.

Diagnostic Tests Prior to Submandibular Gland Excision

Prior to any surgical procedure, diagnostic tests will be performed to ascertain whether there are stones inside the ducts. These tests may include:

  • X-ray or CT scan
  • Sialogram, an X-ray of the salivary duct with contrast dye
  • Ultrasound
  • Fine needle aspiration for laboratory pathology

The Submandibular Gland Excision Procedure

During a submandibular gland excision, an incision is made into the neck, right under the jawbone. Once the gland is removed, a drainage tube is inserted at the surgical site and remains in place for about 2 days. The surgical sutures are typically removed approximately a week after surgery. Under normal circumstances, the patient requires an additional week at home for full recovery.

Risks of Submandibular Gland Excision

While submandibular gland excision is a straightforward and safe procedure, any surgery involves a certain amount of risk. Risks of this operation may include:

  • Blood clots
  • Wound infection
  • Facial weakness
  • Damage to the nerves of the face, ear, or tongue

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